摘要:本文針對高校學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)公寓(yu)(yu)用電(dian)特點,從安(an)全用電(dian)角度(du)提出(chu)了一套集用電(dian)管理、計量(liang)、惡性負載智能(neng)識別控制、實時跟蹤(zong)檢測等功(gong)能(neng)于(yu)一體(ti)的(de)數字化安(an)全用電(dian)管理系統技(ji)術解決方案(an)———學(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)公寓(yu)(yu)智能(neng)控電(dian)管理系統。

關鍵詞:公(gong)寓惡性負載安(an)全(quan)用電智能(neng)系統

0、引言

近年來,為了響應(ying)國(guo)家創建節約(yue)型社(she)(she)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)號(hao)召(zhao),伴隨著高等(deng)(deng)學校(xiao)后(hou)勤社(she)(she)會(hui)化改革的(de)(de)(de)迅速推進,各(ge)地高等(deng)(deng)學校(xiao)對(dui)原有(you)的(de)(de)(de)校(xiao)內(nei)學生(sheng)(sheng)公寓采用了新的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理模式(shi)。各(ge)地、各(ge)高等(deng)(deng)學校(xiao)積極利用社(she)(she)會(hui)資金,通(tong)過(guo)各(ge)種渠(qu)道,采用社(she)(she)會(hui)化的(de)(de)(de)辦法,建設了一批高質量(liang)高標準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)學生(sheng)(sheng)公寓,較(jiao)大地改善了大學生(sheng)(sheng)們的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活與學習(xi)條件,受(shou)到(dao)了高等(deng)(deng)學校(xiao)師生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)普遍歡迎。公寓內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)

配置(zhi)由(you)過去滿足基本生(sheng)(sheng)活需(xu)求的(de)(de)(de)設備,到如(ru)今設有電(dian)(dian)熱水器、空(kong)調、電(dian)(dian)腦、浴霸(ba)等。傳統的(de)(de)(de)對學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)寓采取(qu)限電(dian)(dian)流、定(ding)時間斷送電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)管(guan)(guan)理模(mo)式顯然無法滿足大(da)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)們的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)需(xu)求。更(geng)值得一提的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)被稱之(zhi)為惡性負載的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)器,如(ru)燒開水用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)爐、“熱得快"等產品(pin),這些違章電(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)給學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)寓的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)帶來(lai)了(le)很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)隱患(huan),對學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)命財產安全(quan)造成(cheng)極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)威脅(xie)。為了(le)解(jie)決(jue)高校(xiao)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)寓安全(quan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)諸多(duo)問題,筆者(zhe)經過多(duo)方調研,在原有的(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)宿舍集(ji)中用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)系統的(de)(de)(de)基礎(chu)上,從安全(quan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)角(jiao)度提出了(le)一套適合(he)高校(xiao)學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)寓使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)數字化安全(quan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)管(guan)(guan)理系統技術解(jie)決(jue)方案———學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)寓智能控電(dian)(dian)管(guan)(guan)理系統。

1、系統基本要求

(1)下圖(tu)為(wei)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生公寓智(zhi)能控電(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)理系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的結(jie)構框圖(tu)。本系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)中的數字(zi)化(hua)控制模(mo)(mo)塊采用智(zhi)能化(hua)數學(xue)(xue)(xue)模(mo)(mo)型控制技(ji)術,集用電(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)理、計量、惡性(xing)負載智(zhi)能識別(bie)控制、實時跟蹤檢測等優點于一身,是學(xue)(xue)(xue)生公寓智(zhi)能控電(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)理系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的核心部(bu)分。

(2)組(zu)網(wang)(wang)方式。本系統采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)分(fen)布式單(dan)元控制設計原則(ze),結構簡單(dan),既可(ke)以(yi)(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)成本低(di)、對網(wang)(wang)絡布線(xian)要求不高的RS-485總線(xian)進行組(zu)網(wang)(wang),也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)高校校園局域網(wang)(wang)進行組(zu)網(wang)(wang),更可(ke)以(yi)(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中國移動GSM無線(xian)網(wang)(wang)絡進行組(zu)網(wang)(wang)。在此(ci)我們以(yi)(yi)第一種組(zu)網(wang)(wang)方式進行技術分(fen)析(xi)。

(3)系統微機的基本配(pei)置(zhi):CPU主頻1.7GHz及以上;操(cao)作系統:主流(liu)操(cao)作系統,如Windows2000/XP;內(nei)存;硬盤;顯示器等(deng)。

2、系統(tong)基本(ben)功能(neng)及原(yuan)理

(一)單元控制模塊(kuai)基本(ben)功能(neng)

1數(shu)據采集(ji)(ji)、傳輸與惡(e)性負載(zai)智能(neng)識別(bie)控制。2集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路芯(xin)片(pian)。單(dan)元(yuan)控制模塊要求具(ju)備解釋并執行系統(tong)微(wei)機指令(ling)的(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng),每(mei)個(ge)單(dan)元(yuan)控制模塊分管8個(ge)房間(jian)控制模塊,采用超大規模集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路芯(xin)片(pian),集(ji)(ji)成(cheng)獨立的(de)(de)CPU單(dan)元(yuan)和數(shu)據處理(li)(li)單(dan)元(yuan),即使數(shu)據傳輸線(xian)路有故(gu)障或斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)也不會(hui)引起數(shu)據丟失。單(dan)元(yuan)控制模塊內部須(xu)設置(zhi)可靠的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)檢測電(dian)(dian)(dian)路、看門狗電(dian)(dian)(dian)路、數(shu)據存儲保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)路,具(ju)有過載(zai)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)自動恢復(fu)能(neng)力和防雷、防過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓措施,并在系統(tong)管理(li)(li)程(cheng)序上實(shi)現(xian)數(shu)據備份、數(shu)據校驗處理(li)(li)、數(shu)據塊保護處理(li)(li)及(ji)指令(ling)冗余等抗(kang)干擾措施,使整個(ge)系統(tong)穩定(ding)可靠的(de)(de)運(yun)行。

(2)房(fang)間控制模塊基(ji)本功能

1、計(ji)量(liang)。房(fang)間(jian)控制模(mo)塊發(fa)送計(ji)量(liang)脈沖信號,執行計(ji)量(liang)任務(wu)。

2、控制(zhi)。房間控制(zhi)模塊(kuai)執行(xing)單元控制(zhi)模塊(kuai)發(fa)出的指令,接通(tong)或斷開房間的總(zong)電源。模塊(kuai)的關鍵部件(jian)為繼電器,可選用新型的大電流電觸點(dian)的磁保持繼電器,利用12V電壓的正(zheng)負脈沖信(xin)號驅(qu)動。

(3)惡性(xing)負載智能(neng)識別控制的基本原(yuan)理(li)

1、建立(li)(li)數學模型。學生(sheng)公寓智(zhi)能控電管理系統根據學生(sheng)使(shi)用電器(qi)的用電動態參(can)數建立(li)(li)數學模型,根據其用電特(te)點將(jiang)電器(qi)分為阻性負載和(he)感性負載。

2、自動(dong)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)控(kong)制。系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)CPU程(cheng)序自動(dong)跟(gen)蹤(zong)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)瞬(shun)間(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)功率(lv)(lv)(lv)點(dian)的(de)(de)大小,經過(guo)分析后(hou)(hou)發出(chu)控(kong)制指(zhi)(zhi)令(ling)。如(ru)下圖,假設系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)設置惡性(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)功率(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)(wei)300W,當(dang)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)大于(yu)300W的(de)(de)阻性(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)爐(lu)、“熱(re)(re)得快"等(deng)(deng)),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)后(hou)(hou)發出(chu)指(zhi)(zhi)令(ling)切斷該(gai)房間(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。當(dang)房間(jian)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)感性(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)等(deng)(deng)),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)后(hou)(hou)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai),所有(you)(you)的(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(chang)(chang)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)都不(bu)會(hui)(hui)累(lei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)。當(dang)房間(jian)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)1500W的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)水(shui)器(qi)(qi)時(shi),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)CPU程(cheng)序實時(shi)跟(gen)蹤(zong)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)水(shui)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)瞬(shun)間(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功率(lv)(lv)(lv)點(dian)處于(yu)開(kai)放的(de)(de)范圍,也(ye)會(hui)(hui)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)制指(zhi)(zhi)令(ling)。如(ru)下圖,假設系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)設置惡性(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)功率(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)(wei)300W,當(dang)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)大于(yu)300W的(de)(de)阻性(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)爐(lu)、“熱(re)(re)得快"等(deng)(deng)),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)后(hou)(hou)發出(chu)指(zhi)(zhi)令(ling)切斷該(gai)房間(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。當(dang)房間(jian)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)感性(xing)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)等(deng)(deng)),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)后(hou)(hou)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai),所有(you)(you)的(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(chang)(chang)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)都不(bu)會(hui)(hui)累(lei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)。當(dang)房間(jian)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)1500W的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)水(shui)器(qi)(qi)時(shi),系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)CPU程(cheng)序實時(shi)跟(gen)蹤(zong)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)水(shui)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)瞬(shun)間(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功率(lv)(lv)(lv)點(dian)處于(yu)開(kai)放的(de)(de)范圍,也(ye)會(hui)(hui)識(shi)(shi)(shi)別(bie)為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)載(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)。

(4)用電查(cha)詢管(guan)理(li)器基本功能

1、查(cha)詢(xun)管理,單獨控(kong)制。用電(dian)查(cha)詢(xun)管理器設置(zhi)在每(mei)棟學生公寓樓(lou)(lou),為本棟樓(lou)(lou)的中央控(kong)制單元(yuan)。

2、集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)路芯(xin)片(pian)。采用(yong)新一代工(gong)業(ye)計算機(ji)(ji)設計原(yuan)理(li)(li),集(ji)成(cheng)了CPU、存(cun)儲器、RS232接口、RS485接口,以及防止程序(xu)鎖死的看門狗時(shi)鐘控制(zhi)芯(xin)片(pian)等(deng)。用(yong)電(dian)查(cha)詢(xun)管理(li)(li)器設計為壁掛式小(xiao)型箱體裝置,顯(xian)(xian)示面板采用(yong)LCD液晶顯(xian)(xian)示屏,面板設置小(xiao)型數字鍵盤。當系統管理(li)(li)微機(ji)(ji)因故停機(ji)(ji)或人(ren)為關機(ji)(ji)時(shi),用(yong)電(dian)查(cha)詢(xun)管理(li)(li)器可以替(ti)代系統管理(li)(li)微機(ji)(ji)的部(bu)分工(gong)作(zuo),執行本棟樓的實時(shi)用(yong)電(dian)查(cha)詢(xun)功能和定時(shi)斷電(dian)送(song)電(dian)等(deng)任務。

(5)用電管理(li)程序基本功(gong)能

1、房間(jian)(jian)號(hao)碼設(she)置(zhi)。通(tong)過系統微機(ji)內的(de)用電(dian)管理程(cheng)序可以設(she)置(zhi)學(xue)生(sheng)公(gong)寓的(de)樓號(hao)和房間(jian)(jian)號(hao)碼。如第(di)5號(hao)學(xue)生(sheng)公(gong)寓1樓的(de)第(di)8個房間(jian)(jian),其對(dui)應的(de)系統編(bian)號(hao)為(wei)5108。

2、房(fang)間定時限流。通過系(xi)統微機(ji)內(nei)的用電管理(li)程(cheng)序可以設置實現每個單(dan)(dan)獨房(fang)間的定時、定量、限電流等單(dan)(dan)獨管理(li)控制。

3、惡(e)性負載識(shi)(shi)別(bie)(bie)。通(tong)過系統微機內的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管理程序設(she)置惡(e)性負載的(de)(de)識(shi)(shi)別(bie)(bie)功(gong)率(lv),智能識(shi)(shi)別(bie)(bie)違章電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器和普(pu)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器。例如:若(ruo)識(shi)(shi)別(bie)(bie)功(gong)率(lv)設(she)定為300W(識(shi)(shi)別(bie)(bie)功(gong)率(lv)高(gao)校可按(an)實際要求自行調整設(she)定),則300W以上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)爐、“熱得快"等違章電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器一律被禁用(yong)(yong),而正常(chang)的(de)(de)普(pu)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(如:電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦、照明、臺(tai)燈等)不管功(gong)率(lv)多少,全部正常(chang)使用(yong)(yong)。

4、收(shou)費管(guan)理。通(tong)過(guo)系統微機內的用(yong)電管(guan)理程(cheng)序可以(yi)隨時(shi)為(wei)所有(you)房(fang)間(jian)或每個(ge)房(fang)間(jian)交納電費。針對高校(xiao)為(wei)學生提(ti)供基(ji)本定額免費電量(liang)的要求,用(yong)電管(guan)理程(cheng)序設置了定額免費電量(liang)自動(dong)充(chong)(chong)值功能,在每月時(shi)間(jian)將基(ji)本定額免費電量(liang)補充(chong)(chong)到所有(you)房(fang)間(jian)或房(fang)間(jian)。

5、其他功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)。本系統還設置了(le)欠(qian)費(fei)自(zi)動報警或(huo)停(ting)電(dian)、交費(fei)自(zi)動送(song)電(dian)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng),退費(fei)管理功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng),換(huan)房管理功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng),公(gong)用(yong)電(dian)費(fei)可分(fen)攤(tan)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)等。這些功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)可以有效的解決高(gao)校學生(sheng)公(gong)寓用(yong)電(dian)管理中遇到的一(yi)些日常問題。如高(gao)校一(yi)般每(mei)年調(diao)整一(yi)次學生(sheng)房間(jian),退費(fei)管理功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)和換(huan)房管理功(gong)(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)就比(bi)較(jiao)適(shi)用(yong)。

(6)用電安全保護

1、短(duan)路過流保(bao)(bao)護。學(xue)生公寓智能控(kong)電管理(li)系統(tong)在系統(tong)控(kong)制機柜(ju)輸(shu)出端(duan)設置了短(duan)路、過流雙重保(bao)(bao)護功能,有效保(bao)(bao)護了學(xue)生用電時的人(ren)身安全。

2、違(wei)(wei)章(zhang)(zhang)斷電(dian)。當學生(sheng)在(zai)(zai)房間(jian)內使用違(wei)(wei)章(zhang)(zhang)電(dian)器時,系統(tong)(tong)會在(zai)(zai)5秒鐘內切斷該房間(jian)的總(zong)電(dian)源(yuan);學生(sheng)將違(wei)(wei)章(zhang)(zhang)電(dian)器摘除后,系統(tong)(tong)經過檢(jian)測(ce)識別后可在(zai)(zai)一分鐘內自(zi)動恢(hui)復(fu)送電(dian),無需人工進(jin)行恢(hui)復(fu),安全(quan)用電(dian)十分方便。

(7)遠程控(kong)制及實時監控(kong)報警(jing)

1、遠程控制(zhi)。學(xue)生公寓智能(neng)控電管(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統所(suo)有(you)的(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)操作都可以在(zai)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統管(guan)理(li)(li)微(wei)機(ji)(ji)上完成,真正做到(dao)了遠程控制(zhi)。所(suo)有(you)的(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)數(shu)據(ju)在(zai)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統管(guan)理(li)(li)微(wei)機(ji)(ji)和數(shu)字化(hua)單元控制(zhi)模塊(kuai)之間(jian)實(shi)時傳輸存儲、互為備份,確保(bao)了管(guan)理(li)(li)數(shu)據(ju)的(de)安全(quan)性。

2、實時監控。在系統(tong)管理微機顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)器上,高校學生(sheng)公(gong)寓(yu)每(mei)個房(fang)(fang)間用電功率大小以(yi)“★"號多少(shao)表(biao)示(shi)(shi),“★"越多表(biao)示(shi)(shi)該房(fang)(fang)間實時用電功率越大。當鼠標指向房(fang)(fang)間時,系統(tong)立即實時顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)所指房(fang)(fang)間的實際用電功率參數等(deng)數值,相(xiang)當于設置了一個多參數同(tong)時顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)虛擬電表(biao)。

(8)財務管理

1、財(cai)(cai)務統(tong)(tong)計分(fen)析。學(xue)生公寓(yu)智能(neng)控(kong)電管理系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的管理程序還設置了財(cai)(cai)務報表(biao)統(tong)(tong)計、財(cai)(cai)務分(fen)析等功能(neng),方(fang)便高(gao)校(xiao)財(cai)(cai)務管理。同時系(xi)統(tong)(tong)自動記錄管理員的所(suo)有工(gong)作并(bing)生成系(xi)統(tong)(tong)日志,系(xi)統(tong)(tong)日志不可修改,避免(mian)了財(cai)(cai)務行為。

2、可(ke)擴展性。學生公寓智能控電管(guan)理系(xi)統預留了聯網接(jie)口,可(ke)以(yi)支持校園一卡(ka)通收費(fei)管(guan)理系(xi)統的授權收費(fei)終端,同(tong)時(shi)可(ke)提供與校園一卡(ka)通對接(jie)的接(jie)口參數等(deng)。

3、Acrel-EIOT能源物聯(lian)網云平臺

3.1概述

Acrel-EIoT能源(yuan)物聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)開放平臺(tai)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)套基(ji)于物聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)數(shu)據(ju)中臺(tai)，建立統一(yi)(yi)的(de)上下行(xing)數(shu)據(ju)標(biao)準，為(wei)互聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)用(yong)戶提(ti)供能源(yuan)物聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)數(shu)據(ju)服務的(de)平臺(tai)。用(yong)戶僅需購買安(an)科瑞物聯(lian)(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)傳感器，選配網(wang)(wang)(wang)關，自行(xing)安(an)裝后掃碼(ma)即可使用(yong)手機和電腦得到所需的(de)行(xing)業數(shu)據(ju)服務。

該平臺提供(gong)數(shu)據駕駛艙、電氣安(an)全監(jian)測、電能質(zhi)量分析、用(yong)電管(guan)理(li)、預(yu)付(fu)費管(guan)理(li)、充電樁(zhuang)管(guan)理(li)、智能照(zhao)明(ming)管(guan)理(li)、異(yi)常事件報警和(he)記錄(lu)、運(yun)維管(guan)理(li)等功能，并支持多平臺、多語言、多終端數(shu)據訪(fang)問。

3.2應用場所

本平臺適用于公寓出租戶、連鎖小超市、小型工廠、樓管系統集成商、小型物業、智慧城市、變配電站、建筑樓宇、通信基站、工業能耗、智能燈塔、電力運維等領域。

3.3平臺結構

3.4平臺功能

3.4.1電力集抄

電力(li)集抄模塊(kuai)可以(yi)實(shi)現(xian)對各(ge)(ge)種監測(ce)(ce)數據的查(cha)(cha)詢、分析、預警及(ji)綜(zong)合(he)展示，以(yi)保(bao)證配(pei)電室的環境(jing)友好。在智能(neng)化(hua)方(fang)(fang)面實(shi)現(xian)供配(pei)電監控(kong)系統的遙(yao)測(ce)(ce)'、遙(yao)信、遙(yao)控(kong)控(kong)制，對系統進行(xing)綜(zong)合(he)檢測(ce)(ce)和統一(yi)管理；在數據資源(yuan)管理方(fang)(fang)面，可以(yi)顯示或查(cha)(cha)詢供配(pei)電室內(nei)各(ge)(ge)設備運行(xing)（包括歷(li)史和實(shi)時參數，并根據實(shi)際情況(kuang)進行(xing)日報、月報和年(nian)報查(cha)(cha)詢或打印，提高(gao)工(gong)作效率，節約人力(li)資源(yuan)。

3.4.2能耗分析

能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗分(fen)析模塊采用(yong)(yong)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)、信息化(hua)(hua)技術，實現從能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)采集、過程監控、能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)介質消耗分(fen)析、能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗管(guan)理(li)等全過程的自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)、科學化(hua)(hua)管(guan)理(li)，使能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)理(li)、能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生產(chan)以及使用(yong)(yong)的全過程有機結(jie)合(he)起來，運用(yong)(yong)先進(jin)的數(shu)(shu)據(ju)處理(li)與分(fen)析技術，進(jin)行離線(xian)生產(chan)分(fen)析與管(guan)理(li)，實現全廠能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)系統的統一調度，優(you)化(hua)(hua)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)介質平衡、有效(xiao)利(li)用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，提高能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)質量、降(jiang)低能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消耗，達到節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降(jiang)耗和提升整體能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)理(li)水平的目的。

3.4.3預(yu)付費(fei)管理

1）登陸管理：管理操作員(yuan)賬戶及權限分配，查看(kan)系統日志等功能；

2）系統配置(zhi)：對建筑、通訊管理機(ji)、儀表(biao)及默認參數進行(xing)配置(zhi)；

3）用戶(hu)管理：對商(shang)鋪用戶(hu)執行開戶(hu)、銷(xiao)戶(hu)、遠程分合閘、批(pi)量操作(zuo)及(ji)記(ji)錄(lu)查詢(xun)等(deng)操作(zuo)；

4）售電管理(li)：對已開戶的表進行遠(yuan)程(cheng)售電、退電、沖正及記(ji)錄查詢等操(cao)作(zuo)；

5）售(shou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)理(li)：對已開戶的表進(jin)行遠程售(shou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、退水(shui)(shui)(shui)、記錄(lu)查詢等操(cao)作；

6）報表(biao)(biao)中心：提供(gong)售(shou)電(dian)、售(shou)水財務報表(biao)(biao)、用能報表(biao)(biao)、報警報表(biao)(biao)等(deng)查(cha)詢，本(ben)系統所有的(de)報表(biao)(biao)及記錄查(cha)詢，都(dou)支(zhi)持excel格式導出(chu)。

3.4.4充電樁管理

通過(guo)(guo)物(wu)聯(lian)網技術，對接入系統的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)站點和各(ge)個充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)進行(xing)不間(jian)斷地數據采集(ji)和監控，同(tong)時(shi)對各(ge)類故障(zhang)(zhang)如充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)過(guo)(guo)溫(wen)保護、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)輸入輸出(chu)過(guo)(guo)壓、欠壓、絕(jue)緣(yuan)檢測故障(zhang)(zhang)等一(yi)系列故障(zhang)(zhang)進行(xing)預警。云平(ping)臺包含了充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)收費和充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)運(yun)營的所有功(gong)能，包括城市(shi)級大屏、交易管理(li)、財(cai)務(wu)管理(li)、變壓器監控、運(yun)營分析、基礎(chu)數據管理(li)等功(gong)能。

3.4.5智能照明

智能(neng)照(zhao)(zhao)明通過物聯網技術對(dui)安裝在城市各區域的(de)(de)室內(nei)照(zhao)(zhao)明、城市路(lu)(lu)燈(deng)等(deng)照(zhao)(zhao)明回路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)用(yong)電(dian)狀態進行不間斷地數據監測，也可以實現定時(shi)開關策略配置及后臺遠程管理(li)和移動(dong)管理(li)等(deng)，降低路(lu)(lu)燈(deng)設施的(de)(de)維護難度(du)和成本，提升管理(li)水(shui)平，并達到一定節能(neng)減掛的(de)(de)效果。

3.4.6安全用電

安(an)(an)全用(yong)電(dian)采用(yong)自主研發的(de)剩余電(dian)流互感(gan)器(qi)、溫(wen)度(du)傳感(gan)器(qi)、電(dian)氣火(huo)(huo)災探(tan)測(ce)器(qi)，對(dui)引發電(dian)氣火(huo)(huo)災的(de)主要因素(su)（導線溫(wen)度(du)、電(dian)流和剩余電(dian)流）進行不間(jian)斷的(de)數據跟蹤與統計分析，并將發現的(de)各種隱(yin)(yin)患(huan)信息及時推送給企業管理人員，指導企業實現第一時間(jian)的(de)排查和治理，達到消除潛在電(dian)氣火(huo)(huo)災安(an)(an)全隱(yin)(yin)患(huan)，實現“防(fang)患(huan)于未然"的(de)目的(de)。

3.4.7智慧消防

通過云(yun)平臺(tai)進行數據(ju)分(fen)析、挖(wa)掘(jue)和(he)趨勢分(fen)析，幫助實現科學預警火災、網格化(hua)管理、落實多元責(ze)任監管等目標(biao)。原先針(zhen)對“九(jiu)小場所"和(he)危化(hua)品生產(chan)企(qi)業無法有效監控的(de)空(kong)白，適應于所有公(gong)建(jian)(jian)和(he)民建(jian)(jian)，實現了無人(ren)化(hua)值守智慧消防(fang)，實現智慧消防(fang)“自(zi)動化(hua)"、“智能化(hua)"、“系(xi)統化(hua)"、用電(dian)管理“精細(xi)化(hua)"的(de)實際需求。

3.5系統硬件配置

4、結束語

“學生(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)寓智(zhi)能控電管(guan)理系統"應是專門針(zhen)對高(gao)校(xiao)學生(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)寓用電特點及其急(ji)需解(jie)決(jue)(jue)的安全用電問(wen)題,采(cai)用智(zhi)能化數學模型控制技(ji)術(shu)構建的全套數字化安全用電管(guan)理系統技(ji)術(shu)解(jie)決(jue)(jue)方案。目前市場上已有(you)一(yi)些技(ji)術(shu)產品可以(yi)滿(man)足一(yi)般的集中用電管(guan)理要求,但在惡性負載(zai)智(zhi)能識(shi)別控制技(ji)術(shu)和(he)實(shi)時跟(gen)蹤檢測(ce)手段等方面還有(you)待(dai)進(jin)一(yi)步提高(gao)。