摘要：根據(ju)目前對于新(xin)能源汽(qi)車(che)發展規劃(hua)及(ji)政策，以及(ji)國內外充電(dian)設施的主要(yao)類型和技術參數。論述地下車(che)庫電(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)充電(dian)樁的供配電(dian)系統的設計(ji)(ji)及(ji)設計(ji)(ji)過程中需要(yao)注(zhu)意的一些問題。

關鍵詞：充電(dian)樁；地(di)下車(che)庫；供(gong)配電(dian)設計(ji)(ji)；負荷計(ji)(ji)算　　

0引言

新能源汽(qi)車(che)的(de)產業發展(zhan)與推廣(guang)應用，已是大勢所趨。新能源汽(qi)已經成為未來汽(qi)車(che)發展(zhan)的(de)必然方向。我國目(mu)前發展(zhan)的(de)新能源汽(qi)車(che)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)以插電(dian)式混合動力汽(qi)車(che)和(he)純電(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)為主(zhu)。為推廣(guang)和(he)使用新能源汽(qi)車(che)并加快充電(dian)設(she)(she)施的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，國辦[2015]73號文(wen)及建(jian)(jian)(jian)規[2015]199號文(wen)件明確要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)：新建(jian)(jian)(jian)住宅配建(jian)(jian)(jian)停車(che)位應100%預留(liu)充電(dian)設(she)(she)施建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)安(an)裝條件。因此，新建(jian)(jian)(jian)住宅小區地(di)下車(che)庫充電(dian)樁(zhuang)規劃、設(she)(she)計成為民用建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑電(dian)氣(qi)設(she)(she)計內(nei)容的(de)一部分。

1配置充電樁的類型及技術(shu)要求

目(mu)前，新能源汽(qi)車的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)主(zhu)要分為直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)和交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)兩種，俗稱“快充(chong)(chong)(chong)"和“慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)"。直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)有占地(di)面(mian)積大(da)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)高，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)較(jiao)短，投資大(da)等特(te)(te)(te)點(dian)(dian)。而(er)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)特(te)(te)(te)點(dian)(dian)基本與(yu)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)相反，占地(di)小，可(ke)掛(gua)墻安裝，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)功率低，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)長(chang)，投資小等特(te)(te)(te)點(dian)(dian)。通過比較(jiao)可(ke)知，住宅小區固定(ding)車位充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)適宜采用交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)，而(er)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)通常(chang)設(she)置在大(da)型商場、辦公(gong)樓、繁華市(shi)區等需要快速充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)的(de)區域。

2 供配電系統設計

2.1 充電設施(shi)專(zhuan)用(yong)變壓器容量計算

SΣ=Kt*Kx*Cn*（Kn*Pn+Km*Pm）/（η* cosφ）

式中：SΣ--變(bian)壓器總安(an)(an)裝容量(liang)(liang)（kVA）；η--變(bian)壓器負載率(lv)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.70-0.75；cosφ--補償后功(gong)率(lv)因(yin)數(shu)(shu)(shu)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.95；Pn --交流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)（慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)）安(an)(an)裝功(gong)率(lv)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)7.0KW；Pm-直流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)（快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)）安(an)(an)裝功(gong)率(lv)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)60kW作為基數(shu)(shu)(shu)（一般(ban)有30kW、45kW、60kW、75kW、90kW、105kW、120kW）； Kn--慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)停(ting)(ting)車位配(pei)置(zhi)比例系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)（即(ji)，實(shi)際(ji)慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)停(ting)(ting)車位數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)/小(xiao)區規(gui)劃(hua)停(ting)(ting)車位數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)），近(jin)期(qi)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.20，遠期(qi)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.45；Km-快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)停(ting)(ting)車位配(pei)置(zhi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)比例系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)（即(ji)，實(shi)際(ji)快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)停(ting)(ting)車位數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)/小(xiao)區規(gui)劃(hua)停(ting)(ting)車位數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)），近(jin)期(qi)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.02，遠期(qi)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.045；Kx--充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)需要系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)（慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)+快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)），5-10個，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.75-0.85；10-50個，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.55-0.65；50個以(yi)上(shang)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.4-0.45；Kt--充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)同時使用(yong)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)（慢(man)(man)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)+快(kuai)(kuai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)），5-50個，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.85-0.90；50個以(yi)上(shang)，取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)0.6-0.7；Cn --小(xiao)區規(gui)劃(hua)停(ting)(ting)車位數(shu)(shu)(shu)量(liang)(liang)。

目(mu)前，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)在國內大(da)范圍應用(yong)還比較(jiao)少，沒有先例(li)可(ke)查，同時(shi)(shi)系數(shu)(shu)Kt和(he)(he)需要系數(shu)(shu)Kx很難選取。Kt和(he)(he)Kx的(de)選取主要與下面因數(shu)(shu)關：1）電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)：目(mu)前電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)總體數(shu)(shu)量不(bu)多，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設備(bei)本身的(de)利用(yong)率不(bu)高(gao)；各建筑(zhu)具體情(qing)況(kuang)不(bu)相同。2）即使(shi)同時(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，各電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池狀態、性能等各不(bu)相同。3）另外，小(xiao)區交流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁（慢充(chong)(chong)）和(he)(he)直流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁（快充(chong)(chong)）一般(ban)使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)在不(bu)同時(shi)(shi)段。設計(ji)人員應結合各地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車(che)的(de)發展(zhan)情(qing)況(kuang)和(he)(he)工(gong)程實際，合理選取。

2.2 配電設計

(1)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)總電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源宜采(cai)用(yong)低壓(ya)系統供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，接地采(cai)用(yong)TN-S系統。（2）交流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)宜按(an)防火分區(qu)(qu)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，每個防火分區(qu)(qu)均宜設置電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)區(qu)(qu)域配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)、末端(duan)(duan)(duan)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)。區(qu)(qu)域配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)和(he)末端(duan)(duan)(duan)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)設計(ji)有(you)三(san)(san)種形式：一、按(an)100%配置全(quan)部設計(ji)安(an)裝到(dao)位；二、按(an)20%配置全(quan)部設計(ji)安(an)裝到(dao)位（區(qu)(qu)域配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)—末端(duan)(duan)(duan)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)—充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)），其(qi)他80%僅考慮路由、土建等(deng)條件；三(san)(san)、按(an)20%配置僅區(qu)(qu)域配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)設計(ji)安(an)裝到(dao)位，末端(duan)(duan)(duan)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)取消(xiao)，區(qu)(qu)域配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)采(cai)用(yong)放射式直接供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)至充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)，其(qi)它(ta)80%僅考慮路由、土建等(deng)條件。（3）各防火分區(qu)(qu)區(qu)(qu)域配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)(ju)宜安(an)裝在設置充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)車位附近的強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)間(jian)內，其(qi)系統圖如(ru)圖1所示。為(wei)保(bao)證末端(duan)(duan)(duan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備安(an)全(quan)，末端(duan)(duan)(duan)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)(xiang)低壓(ya)斷路器(qi)應(ying)設置短路保(bao)護和(he)剩(sheng)余(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流保(bao)護功能(neng)，其(qi)剩(sheng)余(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流保(bao)護額定動(dong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)30mA，動(dong)作時間(jian)≤0.1s。

圖 1 電動汽車充電設施配電系統圖

2.3 電能質量

電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)為(wei)非(fei)線性的負(fu)荷(he)變(bian)化過程(cheng)，設(she)計時應(ying)考慮(lv)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施(shi)(shi)對公用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)能質(zhi)量產(chan)生的影響(xiang)，并采(cai)取有效(xiao)的抑(yi)制措施(shi)(shi)，將注入公網的諧波(bo)控制在規定(ding)范圍內。為(wei)保障電(dian)(dian)(dian)能質(zhi)量的要求，所采(cai)取的措施(shi)(shi)如下：（1）增(zeng)加充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機整(zheng)流(liu)裝置(zhi)的脈(mo)動數。（2）低(di)壓配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統中設(she)置(zhi)有源濾波(bo)器(qi)(qi)裝置(zhi)，功(gong)率因數補償電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)配(pei)置(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器(qi)(qi)。（3）專用(yong)變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)接線組(zu)(zu)別(bie)為(wei)D，yn11，且負(fu)荷(he)率不高于70%。（4）為(wei)改善(shan)三(san)(san)相(xiang)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備的平(ping)衡度(du)，單相(xiang)交流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁負(fu)荷(he)應(ying)均衡的分配(pei)到三(san)(san)相(xiang)上，盡量使三(san)(san)相(xiang)負(fu)荷(he)平(ping)衡。（4）變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)所低(di)壓配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)柜出(chu)線至

各區域(yu)充(chong)電樁配電柜距離不(bu)宜超過200m。

2.4 配電線(xian)路設計

根據充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁配電(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)的數量(liang)在專用(yong)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)低壓柜(ju)出線(xian)(xian)(xian)設(she)(she)置相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)數量(liang)的單獨饋線(xian)(xian)(xian)回路直接供電(dian)(dian)(dian)。饋線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)宜銅芯電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)或銅芯電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)，三相(xiang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)回路應(ying)(ying)選用(yong)五芯電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，單相(xiang)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)回路應(ying)(ying)選用(yong)三芯電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路宜采(cai)用(yong)金屬(shu)槽(cao)盒敷設(she)(she)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁位置帶定時，金屬(shu)槽(cao)盒應(ying)(ying)能到達所(suo)(suo)有(you)停(ting)車(che)(che)位，以(yi)滿足100%預留充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)條(tiao)件。

3 充電(dian)樁設施的布置原(yuan)則

電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車與充(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)之間(jian)應(ying)保證安裝(zhuang)距(ju)離：充(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)安裝(zhuang)在車側且不妨礙車門開啟時，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)外(wai)(wai)輪（含(han)防撞設(she)(she)施）距(ju)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車凈(jing)距(ju)不應(ying)小于(yu)(yu)0.4m（；妨礙車門開啟時，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)外(wai)(wai)輪（含(han)防撞設(she)(she)施）距(ju)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車凈(jing)距(ju)不應(ying)小于(yu)(yu)0.6m；充(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)安裝(zhuang)在車尾時，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)外(wai)(wai)輪（含(han)防撞設(she)(she)施）距(ju)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)(qi)(qi)車凈(jing)距(ju)不應(ying)小于(yu)(yu)0.5m。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)安裝(zhuang)應(ying)預留檢修(xiu)與操作(zuo)空間(jian)，其(qi)檢修(xiu)操作(zuo)面(mian)與建(jian)（構）筑物(wu)之間(jian)距(ju)離不應(ying)小于(yu)(yu)0.8m。其(qi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)布置如（圖2）

圖(tu) 2 充電1設備布(bu)置示意

4 監控及通信

民用(yong)建(jian)筑電動汽車(che)充電設施監(jian)控(kong)系(xi)統由控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)、間隔層(ceng)及(ji)(ji)網絡設備(bei)構成。監(jian)控(kong)系(xi)統較小時，可根據(ju)實際(ji)需要進行簡化。控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)能(neng)提供充電設施內各運行系(xi)統的(de)人機(ji)界(jie)面，應(ying)實現相(xiang)應(ying)信息(xi)的(de)收(shou)集和實時顯(xian)示(shi)、設備(bei)的(de)遠方控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)、以及(ji)(ji)數據(ju)的(de)存儲、查(cha)詢(xun)和統計等，并可與相(xiang)關系(xi)統通信。間隔層(ceng)能(neng)采集設備(bei)運行狀態及(ji)(ji)運行數據(ju)，上傳至控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)，并接收(shou)和執(zhi)行控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)層(ceng)的(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)命令。

5安科瑞充電樁收費運營云平臺

5.1概述

AcrelCloud-9000安科瑞充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柱收費運(yun)營(ying)云平(ping)臺系統通過(guo)(guo)物聯網(wang)技(ji)術對接(jie)(jie)入系統的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動自(zi)行車充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)以(yi)及各個充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)整法(fa)行不間斷地數據采集和監控(kong)，實時監控(kong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁運(yun)行狀態，進(jin)行充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)服務、支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)管(guan)理(li)，交(jiao)易結算，資要管(guan)理(li)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能管(guan)理(li)，明細查(cha)詢等(deng)。同時對充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)過(guo)(guo)溫保護、漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)輸入/輸出過(guo)(guo)壓，欠壓，絕緣低各類故障進(jin)行預警；充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁支(zhi)(zhi)持以(yi)太網(wang)、4G或WIFI等(deng)方式(shi)接(jie)(jie)入互聯網(wang)，用戶(hu)通過(guo)(guo)微(wei)信、支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)寶，云閃付(fu)掃碼充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

5.2應用場所

適用于民用建筑、一般工業建筑、居住(zhu)小區、實業單(dan)位、商業綜合體、學校、園區等充電樁(zhuang)模式的充電基(ji)礎(chu)設施設計。

5.3系統結構

5.3.1系統分(fen)為(wei)四層：

1）即數據(ju)采集層(ceng)、網絡傳輸(shu)層(ceng)、數據(ju)中(zhong)心層(ceng)和(he)客(ke)戶端層(ceng)。

2）數(shu)據(ju)采集層：包括(kuo)電瓶(ping)(ping)車智(zhi)(zhi)能充(chong)電樁通訊協議為標準modbus-rtu。電瓶(ping)(ping)車智(zhi)(zhi)能充(chong)電樁用于采集充(chong)電回路的電力參(can)數(shu)，并進行電能計量和保護。

3）網(wang)絡傳(chuan)輸層(ceng)：通過4G網(wang)絡將數(shu)據上傳(chuan)至(zhi)搭建好的數(shu)據庫服務器(qi)。

4）數(shu)據(ju)(ju)中(zhong)心層(ceng)：包含應用服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器和數(shu)據(ju)(ju)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器，應用服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器部署(shu)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)采(cai)集(ji)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)、WEB網站(zhan)，數(shu)據(ju)(ju)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器部署(shu)實時數(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫(ku)(ku)、歷史數(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫(ku)(ku)、基礎數(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫(ku)(ku)。

5）應客(ke)戶端(duan)層(ceng)：系(xi)統管(guan)理員可在瀏覽器(qi)中訪問電瓶車充電樁(zhuang)收費平臺(tai)。終端(duan)充電用戶通過刷卡掃碼的方(fang)式啟(qi)動充電。

小區充(chong)(chong)電平臺(tai)功能主要涵(han)蓋(gai)充(chong)(chong)電設(she)施(shi)智(zhi)能化大屏、實時(shi)監控、交易(yi)管理、故障管理、統計(ji)分析(xi)、基(ji)礎數(shu)據管理等功能，同時(shi)為運維(wei)人員提(ti)供運維(wei)APP，充(chong)(chong)電用戶提(ti)供充(chong)(chong)電小程序。

5.4安科(ke)瑞充電(dian)樁云平(ping)臺(tai)系統功能(neng)

5.4.1智能化大屏

智能(neng)化大(da)屏展示站點(dian)分布情況，對設(she)(she)備狀態、設(she)(she)備使用(yong)率、充(chong)(chong)電次數(shu)、充(chong)(chong)電時長、充(chong)(chong)電金額(e)、充(chong)(chong)電度(du)數(shu)、充(chong)(chong)電樁(zhuang)故(gu)障等進行統(tong)計顯示，同時可查(cha)(cha)看每(mei)個站點(dian)的站點(dian)信(xin)息、充(chong)(chong)電樁(zhuang)列表、充(chong)(chong)電記錄、收益、能(neng)耗、故(gu)障記錄等。統(tong)一(yi)管(guan)理小區(qu)充(chong)(chong)電樁(zhuang)，查(cha)(cha)看設(she)(she)備使用(yong)率，合理分配(pei)資源。

5.4.2實時監控

實時監視充電設施運行狀況，主要包括充電樁運行狀態、回路狀態、充電過程中的充電電量、充電電壓/電流，充電樁告警信息等。

5.4.3交易管理

平臺管(guan)理人(ren)員(yuan)可管(guan)理充電用(yong)戶(hu)賬戶(hu)，對其進行賬戶(hu)進行充值、退款、凍結、注銷等操作，可查看(kan)小區用(yong)戶(hu)每日的充電交易詳細信(xin)息。

5.4.4故障管理

設備自動上報故(gu)障信息(xi)，平臺(tai)管理人員(yuan)(yuan)可(ke)通過(guo)(guo)平臺(tai)查看故(gu)障信息(xi)并進行派發處理，同時(shi)運(yun)維(wei)人員(yuan)(yuan)可(ke)通過(guo)(guo)運(yun)維(wei)APP收取故(gu)障推送，運(yun)維(wei)人員(yuan)(yuan)在運(yun)維(wei)工(gong)作完成(cheng)后將結果上報。充(chong)電(dian)用戶也可(ke)通過(guo)(guo)充(chong)電(dian)小(xiao)程(cheng)序反饋現(xian)場問(wen)題。

5.4.5統計分析

通(tong)過系統平臺(tai)，從充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電站點、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電設(she)施(shi)、、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電時間、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電方式等(deng)不(bu)同角(jiao)度，查詢(xun)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電交易統計(ji)信(xin)息、能耗統計(ji)信(xin)息等(deng)。

5.4.6基礎數據(ju)管理(li)

在系統平臺建立運營商戶，運營商可建立和管理其運營所需站點和充電設施，維護充電設施信息、價格策略、折扣、優惠活動，同時可管理在線卡用戶充值、凍結和解綁。

5.4.7運維APP

面向運維人員使用，可以對站點和充電樁進行管理、能夠進行故障閉環處理、查詢流量卡使用情況、查詢充電\充值情況，進行遠程參數設置，同時可接收故障推送

5.4.8充(chong)電小程序(xu)

面向充電(dian)用戶使(shi)用，可(ke)查看附(fu)近空閑(xian)設備，主要(yao)包含掃(sao)碼充電(dian)、賬(zhang)戶充值(zhi)，充電(dian)卡綁定(ding)、交易查詢、故障申訴等功能。

5.5系統硬件配置

6結語

為了我國汽(qi)車(che)能源結(jie)(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)轉變，應普及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備的(de)(de)建設(she)。未(wei)來(lai)幾(ji)年電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施的(de)(de)設(she)計仍會是電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)計師們關(guan)(guan)注的(de)(de)重點。地下車(che)庫電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)計，應結(jie)(jie)合當地相關(guan)(guan)規定設(she)置配套的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁。電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設(she)計師應立(li)足規范，收集相關(guan)(guan)數據(ju)，密切跟(gen)蹤新產品及(ji)技(ji)術的(de)(de)發展，不斷(duan)優化調整設(she)計方案(an)，做到經濟(ji)合理。

安科瑞侯文莉