摘要：對于電(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)來說，主要是借助電(dian)力(li)作(zuo)為能(neng)(neng)源，有著(zhu)多方(fang)面的(de)優點。但是也存在(zai)著(zhu)一定的(de)問(wen)題(ti)，尤其在(zai)續(xu)航能(neng)(neng)力(li)上相(xiang)對較(jiao)差。因此，在(zai)實際工作(zuo)中要正確(que)利用現代科(ke)學技術(shu)，讓(rang)電(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)實現智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)充(chong)電(dian)。在(zai)研究中所涉及(ji)到的(de)技術(shu)也相(xiang)對較(jiao)多，在(zai)這一背(bei)景的(de)影響下，電(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)充(chong)電(dian)樁中的(de)軟(ruan)件(jian)設(she)計與硬件(jian)結構(gou)得到了(le)發展。本文針對電(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)充(chong)電(dian)樁管理方(fang)案(an)進(jin)行了(le)簡要闡述(shu)，并提出幾點個人看(kan)法，僅供參考。

關鍵詞：電動汽(qi)車；智(zhi)能充電樁；管理方案

1. 前言

常(chang)規的(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)車所(suo)采用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)動力能源(yuan)主要以(yi)化石(shi)燃料(liao)為(wei)主，且在(zai)這種燃料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)下(xia)，不僅會造成(cheng)環境上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)污染，同時受到化石(shi)能源(yuan)稀缺的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，使得資源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)儲(chu)備量上(shang)也在(zai)逐漸減少。因此，越(yue)來越(yue)多的(de)(de)(de)人開始將目光放在(zai)了電(dian)動汽(qi)車的(de)(de)(de)生產與研(yan)宄上(shang)。為(wei)了實現節能減排的(de)(de)(de)目標，改善地球中的(de)(de)(de)環境，電(dian)動汽(qi)車的(de)(de)(de)發展己經(jing)成(cheng)為(wei)了必然。

二、電動(dong)汽車(che)中充電方(fang)法與建設充電樁監控系統(tong)的(de)重要性

雖然人們對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車投入(ru)了較(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)關注度(du)，但是(shi)(shi)受(shou)到(dao)(dao)其續航能(neng)力的(de)(de)影(ying)響，還是(shi)(shi)要做(zuo)好研(yan)究與分析工作。加之在(zai)(zai)不(bu)便(bian)于充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等因素的(de)(de)影(ying)響下，使(shi)得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車的(de)(de)使(shi)用范圍受(shou)到(dao)(dao)了限制。就目前來說，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車動力的(de)(de)來源上(shang)(shang)主要是(shi)(shi)從(cong)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)上(shang)(shang)得到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)，如果(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓相(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)低，就需要進(jin)行(xing)(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，否則就會直(zhi)接影(ying)響到(dao)(dao)汽車的(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)以及速度(du)等方面。現如今充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)方法逐(zhu)漸增多(duo)，如交(jiao)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組快(kuai)速更換以及直(zhi)流(liu)快(kuai)速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等。在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)重量與體(ti)積(ji)相(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)，其重要性(xing)也不(bu)言而喻，因此，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車智(zhi)能(neng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁受(shou)到(dao)(dao)了人們的(de)(de)關注。在(zai)(zai)智(zhi)能(neng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁的(de)(de)影(ying)響下，可以從(cong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量上(shang)(shang)出發，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)維(wei)護，也便(bian)于用戶進(jin)行(xing)(xing)操作，從(cong)而解(jie)決了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車隨時(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)問題。

（一）充電方式

第(di)一(yi)(yi)，交(jiao)流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。對(dui)于(yu)交(jiao)流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)來說(shuo)，常常是(shi)采(cai)用(yong)了(le)220V或是(shi)380V的(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，且在(zai)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)，還會對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流實現整(zheng)流與濾波，從而保(bao)護(hu)了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，實現了(le)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)目標。但是(shi)對(dui)于(yu)這種(zhong)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)來說(shuo)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間相對(dui)較長(chang)，所以(yi)(yi)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)小(xiao)型的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)以(yi)(yi)及混合式的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力汽車(che)(che)。第(di)二，直流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。在(zai)這種(zhong)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)中(zhong)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)借助直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源來對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池進行(xing)(xing)(xing)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)，并不需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)車(che)(che)載裝置等進行(xing)(xing)(xing)調節，這樣(yang)(yang)也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)減輕了(le)汽車(che)(che)自(zi)身的(de)(de)(de)重量(liang)。因此，在(zai)采(cai)取這一(yi)(yi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)就(jiu)(jiu)可以(yi)(yi)運用(yong)于(yu)大(da)型的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)上。主要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)因為(wei)這種(zhong)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)有著功率大(da)與充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率高的(de)(de)(de)特點。第(di)三，更(geng)換(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組。在(zai)這種(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)中(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)準備出(chu)兩組電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，一(yi)(yi)組電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)提(ti)供動(dong)力，另一(yi)(yi)組進行(xing)(xing)(xing)地(di)面直流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當所使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力出(chu)現不足時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，就(jiu)(jiu)可以(yi)(yi)將(jiang)這一(yi)(yi)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池替換(huan)為(wei)另一(yi)(yi)組，以(yi)(yi)此來縮短(duan)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間。但是(shi)對(dui)于(yu)這種(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)來說(shuo)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)建(jian)造出(chu)相應的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池更(geng)換(huan)站，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)更(geng)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)人員來參(can)與到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池更(geng)換(huan)維(wei)護(hu)中(zhong)去。所以(yi)(yi)也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)投(tou)入(ru)較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)成本(ben)，也(ye)降低(di)了(le)智能化的(de)(de)(de)發展。第(di)四，非接觸(chu)式充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。對(dui)于(yu)這種(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)來說(shuo)，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)中(zhong)并不多(duo)見，主要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)因為(wei)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)特定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣元(yuan)件，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)還要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)證與汽車(che)(che)實現即(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)接觸(chu)，這樣(yang)(yang)才能確(que)保(bao)在(zai)汽車(che)(che)行(xing)(xing)(xing)駛的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中(zhong)也(ye)可以(yi)(yi)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)隨(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。但是(shi)受到(dao)技術(shu)以(yi)(yi)及資金等方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)影響，這種(zhong)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)并沒有得到(dao)推廣。

（二）必要性

目前電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方式(shi)上主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是采用了直流(liu)與(yu)交(jiao)流(liu)兩(liang)種，所以(yi)(yi)不論(lun)是哪(na)一種方法，都需要(yao)(yao)建設充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁。所以(yi)(yi)為(wei)了確保實現充(chong)電(dian)(dian)智(zhi)能化，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁的(de)(de)(de)監控系(xi)(xi)統也要(yao)(yao)隨之建設。雖(sui)然(ran)現階段電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車上存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)問題，但(dan)是在(zai)社會(hui)與(yu)科學技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)快速(su)發展(zhan)下，電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車具備(bei)了噪音小(xiao)污(wu)染小(xiao)等特點，所以(yi)(yi)也受到了人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)廣泛關(guan)注(zhu)。因此，在(zai)實際工(gong)(gong)作中要(yao)(yao)做好(hao)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)建設工(gong)(gong)作，雖(sui)然(ran)這一項工(gong)(gong)作存(cun)在(zai)著(zhu)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)復雜性，但(dan)是也是十分必要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車的(de)(de)(de)快速(su)發展(zhan)中，所采用的(de)(de)(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)池往(wang)往(wang)是鋰(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池，且這種電(dian)(dian)池在(zai)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)中有著(zhu)較(jiao)為(wei)嚴格的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求，如果不能做好(hao)智(zhi)能充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁的(de)(de)(de)管理工(gong)(gong)作，很容易(yi)對鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池產(chan)生出較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)影響，嚴重的(de)(de)(de)還會(hui)威脅到人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)身安全。

三、電(dian)動汽車(che)充(chong)電(dian)樁監控系統

（一）可行模式

第一(yi)(yi)，建立交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)，在(zai)(zai)停車場中就(jiu)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)進行交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)式充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)建設(she)工(gong)(gong)作，且在(zai)(zai)實際工(gong)(gong)作中還要保(bao)證其電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在(zai)(zai)220V或(huo)是(shi)380V，主要是(shi)因(yin)(yin)為這(zhe)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)適用(yong)(yong)范圍(wei)相(xiang)對較(jiao)為廣(guang)泛。借助(zhu)這(zhe)些(xie)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)對小(xiao)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車或(huo)是(shi)換(huan)位清(qing)潔車等進行充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。且這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)優勢就(jiu)是(shi)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)實現(xian)夜(ye)間充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。第二，建立直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)。對于這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)來(lai)說，往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)適用(yong)(yong)于大型(xing)或(huo)是(shi)公交(jiao)車聚(ju)集相(xiang)對較(jiao)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)場合中。在(zai)(zai)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)下，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)實現(xian)快速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。主要是(shi)因(yin)(yin)為這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)中具備了(le)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率，但是(shi)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)運行上卻會產生(sheng)相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)，在(zai)(zai)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)過程中，要做好電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護工(gong)(gong)作，以(yi)此(ci)來(lai)提高使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)效果。

（二）主要功能

第(di)(di)一，APP或(huo)IC卡識別。在(zai)(zai)(zai)實際工作中就需(xu)要(yao)借助識別APP或(huo)IC卡來激活充電樁(zhuang)，從而實現(xian)計費上的(de)功能。第(di)(di)二，在(zai)(zai)(zai)對蓄電池進(jin)行充電的(de)過程中，就可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)對蓄電池中的(de)電壓以(yi)及電流等(deng)方面(mian)進(jin)行保(bao)(bao)護(hu)，同時也(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)進(jin)行有效的(de)檢測。第(di)(di)三，在(zai)(zai)(zai)充電的(de)過程中也(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)對充電時的(de)狀態以(yi)及電壓等(deng)方面(mian)進(jin)行實時監(jian)控(kong)。第(di)(di)四，在(zai)(zai)(zai)充電的(de)過程中也(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)對電池實現(xian)智能化的(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)，從而延(yan)長電池的(de)使用壽命。

四、充電樁智能監控(kong)系(xi)統上的設(she)計(ji)

(一)硬件

對(dui)(dui)于充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)來說，其電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)380V交流(liu)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，所(suo)以(yi)通過對(dui)(dui)進行(xing)整流(liu)與濾波，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)將(jiang)其轉變為直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，從而(er)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。想(xiang)要(yao)進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，還(huan)要(yao)借助APP或(huo)IC卡進行(xing)激(ji)活，且這一模塊上的(de)設計可(ke)以(yi)幫助用(yong)戶(hu)激(ji)活充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)。在(zai)APP云端或(huo)讀卡器中(zhong)也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)對(dui)(dui)用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)信息進行(xing)識別(bie)，從而(er)現實(shi)出(chu)相應的(de)信息以(yi)及(ji)余額等。在(zai)狀態現實(shi)模塊中(zhong)則可(ke)以(yi)將(jiang)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信息顯示出(chu)來。在(zai)硬件系(xi)統中(zhong)主(zhu)要(yao)包(bao)含了中(zhong)央主(zhu)控制板以(yi)及(ji)顯示屏(ping)等設備。所(suo)以(yi)在(zai)建設充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)時(shi)(shi)要(yao)做好樁(zhuang)體材(cai)料上選擇工作(zuo)，綜合好防(fang)潮與防(fang)水(shui)的(de)性能(neng)。同時(shi)(shi)還(huan)要(yao)保證材(cai)料自身的(de)防(fang)水(shui)效(xiao)果，這樣才能(neng)在(zai)潮濕雨水(shui)天氣時(shi)(shi)也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)正常(chang)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

1. 軟件構成

在(zai)(zai)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，只需要(yao)(yao)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)插口(kou)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)連接(jie)，從而(er)將充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)與(yu)(yu)汽(qi)車(che)(che)連接(jie)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)起，借(jie)助APP或(huo)讀卡(ka)器來對(dui)(dui)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)識別(bie)，從而(er)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)激(ji)活充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)。當充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)插口(kou)與(yu)(yu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)手(shou)柄沒有(you)連接(jie)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)起，那么就會(hui)(hui)及時(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)提示(shi)與(yu)(yu)報警。在(zai)(zai)識別(bie)完用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)身份以(yi)(yi)后，用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)就可(ke)以(yi)(yi)對(dui)(dui)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)選擇，明確(que)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi)。如果(guo)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi)檢(jian)測不正(zheng)常，也(ye)會(hui)(hui)對(dui)(dui)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)提醒(xing)(xing)與(yu)(yu)報警。在(zai)(zai)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)中也(ye)包含了一(yi)些會(hui)(hui)顯示(shi)給用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi)選擇建議，且如果(guo)所選擇的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)模式(shi)是正(zheng)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)，那么充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)就會(hui)(hui)正(zheng)常的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)作。在(zai)(zai)利用(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)中，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)也(ye)會(hui)(hui)顯示(shi)出用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)在(zai)(zai)信息以(yi)(yi)及余額等，幫助用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)明確(que)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)結(jie)束的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)。在(zai)(zai)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)結(jie)束后，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)也(ye)會(hui)(hui)及時(shi)(shi)提醒(xing)(xing)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)，在(zai)(zai)APP或(huo)℃卡(ka)上(shang)也(ye)會(hui)(hui)停止計費(fei)，并將票據等打印(yin)出來，在(zai)(zai)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)與(yu)(yu)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)離開后，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)就會(hui)(hui)啟動(dong)(dong)自動(dong)(dong)鎖(suo)定(ding)，直到(dao)下一(yi)個用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)對(dui)(dui)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)激(ji)活。可(ke)以(yi)(yi)說上(shang)述(shu)環節(jie)都是智能充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常使用(yong)方法，所以(yi)(yi)用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)要(yao)(yao)掌(zhang)握好這(zhe)一(yi)內容，這(zhe)樣才(cai)能更(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)車(che)(che)輛(liang)(liang)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

五、安科瑞充電樁收費運(yun)營云平(ping)臺

5.1概述

AcrelCloud-9000安科瑞充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁收費運營云平臺系統通過物聯網技術對接入系統的汽車充(chong)電(dian)(dian)站、電(dian)(dian)動自行(xing)車充(chong)電(dian)(dian)站以及(ji)各(ge)個充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁進(jin)行(xing)不間(jian)斷地數據采集和監控，實時(shi)監控充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁運行(xing)狀態，進(jin)行(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)服(fu)務(wu)、支付(fu)管(guan)理，交易結算，資源管(guan)理、電(dian)(dian)能管(guan)理、明(ming)細查詢等，同時(shi)對充(chong)電(dian)(dian)機過溫保護(hu)、漏電(dian)(dian)、充(chong)電(dian)(dian)機輸(shu)入/輸(shu)出過壓、欠壓、絕緣低各(ge)類故障(zhang)進(jin)行(xing)預警；充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁支持以太網、4G或WIFI等方式接入互聯網，用戶(hu)通過微信、支付(fu)寶、云閃付(fu)掃碼充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

5.2應用場合

適用(yong)于住宅小區(qu)(qu)(qu)等(deng)物(wu)業環境(jing)、各類(lei)企事業單位、醫院(yuan)、景區(qu)(qu)(qu)、學校(xiao)、園區(qu)(qu)(qu)等(deng)公(gong)建、公(gong)共停(ting)車場(chang)(chang)、公(gong)路(lu)充電(dian)站(zhan)、公(gong)交樞紐、購物(wu)中心(xin)、商(shang)業綜(zong)合體、商(shang)業廣(guang)場(chang)(chang)、地下停(ting)車場(chang)(chang)、高(gao)速服務區(qu)(qu)(qu)、公(gong)寓(yu)寫字樓等(deng)場(chang)(chang)合。

5.3系統結構

現場設(she)備層(ceng)：連接(jie)于網絡(luo)中的各(ge)類傳感器(qi)(qi)，包括多(duo)功能(neng)電(dian)(dian)力儀表、汽車充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)、電(dian)(dian)瓶車充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)、電(dian)(dian)能(neng)質量(liang)分(fen)析儀表、電(dian)(dian)氣火(huo)災探測器(qi)(qi)、限流式保(bao)護器(qi)(qi)、煙霧(wu)傳感器(qi)(qi)、測溫裝置、智能(neng)插座、攝像頭等。

網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)通訊層(ceng)：包含現(xian)場智能(neng)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)關(guan)、網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)交換(huan)機(ji)等設(she)備(bei)。智能(neng)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)關(guan)主(zhu)動采集現(xian)場設(she)備(bei)層(ceng)設(she)備(bei)的數據，并可(ke)進行規約轉換(huan)，數據存儲(chu)，并通過網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)把數據上(shang)傳至搭建好的數據庫服務器，智能(neng)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)關(guan)可(ke)在(zai)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)故障時(shi)(shi)將數據存儲(chu)在(zai)本地，待網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)絡(luo)恢復時(shi)(shi)從(cong)中斷的位置(zhi)繼續(xu)上(shang)傳數據，保證服務器端數據不丟失。

平臺管理層：包含(han)應用(yong)服務(wu)器和(he)數(shu)據(ju)服務(wu)器，完(wan)成(cheng)對(dui)現場(chang)所有智能(neng)設備的數(shu)據(ju)交換，可在PC端(duan)或(huo)移(yi)動端(duan)實現實時監測充電(dian)站(zhan)配電(dian)系統運(yun)行狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態、充電(dian)樁的工作(zuo)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態、充電(dian)過程(cheng)及人員行為，并完(wan)成(cheng)微信、支(zhi)付寶在線支(zhi)付等應用(yong)。

5.4平臺功能描述

5.4.1充電服務

充(chong)電設(she)施搜索，充(chong)電設(she)施查看，地圖尋址，在線自助支付充(chong)電，充(chong)電結算，導航等。

5.4.2首頁總覽

總覽(lan)當日、當月開戶數(shu)(shu)(shu)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)值(zhi)金額(e)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)金額(e)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)度數(shu)(shu)(shu)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)次(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)時長，累(lei)計的(de)開戶數(shu)(shu)(shu)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)值(zhi)金額(e)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)金額(e)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)度數(shu)(shu)(shu)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)次(ci)(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)時長，以及相應的(de)環比增長和同比增長以及樁、站分(fen)布地圖導航、本月充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)統計。

5.4.3交易結算

充電價(jia)格策(ce)略管理(li)(li)，預收費管理(li)(li)，賬單管理(li)(li)，營(ying)收和(he)財(cai)務相(xiang)關報表。

5.4.4故障管理

故(gu)障(zhang)管理故(gu)障(zhang)記錄查詢(xun)、故(gu)障(zhang)處理、故(gu)障(zhang)確認、故(gu)障(zhang)分析等管理項，為用戶管理故(gu)障(zhang)和查詢(xun)提供(gong)方便。

5.4.5統計分析

統計分(fen)析支持運營趨勢分(fen)析、收益統計，方(fang)便用(yong)戶以曲線、能耗分(fen)析等分(fen)析工具，瀏覽樁的充電運營態勢。

5.4.6運營報告

按用戶周(zhou)期分析(xi)汽車(che)、電瓶車(che)充電站(zhan)、樁運(yun)行、交易、充值、充電及報警、故障情(qing)況，形成分析(xi)報告。

5.4.7APP、小程序移動端支持

通(tong)過模(mo)糊搜索和(he)地圖搜索的(de)功能(neng)，可查(cha)詢(xun)可用的(de)電(dian)樁(zhuang)和(he)電(dian)站(zhan)等(deng)詳細(xi)信息。掃(sao)碼(ma)充電(dian)，在線支(zhi)付:掃(sao)描(miao)充電(dian)樁(zhuang)二維碼(ma)，完成支(zhi)付，微(wei)信支(zhi)付完成后(hou)，即可進行(xing)充電(dian)。

5.4.8資源管理

充(chong)電站檔(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)管理，充(chong)電樁檔(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)管理，用戶檔(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)管理，充(chong)電樁運行監(jian)測，充(chong)電樁異常交易監(jian)測。

5.5選型配置

六、結語

綜(zong)上(shang)所(suo)述可以看(kan)出，電動汽車(che)(che)中智能(neng)(neng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電樁(zhuang)(zhuang)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)包含了直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電樁(zhuang)(zhuang)以及交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電樁(zhuang)(zhuang)。尤其是(shi)對(dui)于交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電樁(zhuang)(zhuang)來說，要(yao)(yao)(yao)在整流(liu)(liu)與濾波的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang)來轉(zhuan)變為直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電源，從而被相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)用戶采用，但是(shi)這種充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電方法的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電效率還是(shi)相對(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)。因此(ci)，為了保(bao)證蓄電池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電時間充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)足，較(jiao)(jiao)大限度的(de)(de)(de)(de)延長使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)壽(shou)命，要(yao)(yao)(yao)及時做好(hao)電動汽車(che)(che)智能(neng)(neng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電樁(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理工作，從開始到后面的(de)(de)(de)(de)結束，都要(yao)(yao)(yao)實現智能(neng)(neng)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理，盡可能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)減少(shao)人員上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)投入，積(ji)極推廣電動汽車(che)(che)，保(bao)護(hu)好(hao)生態環(huan)境。

安科瑞侯文莉